Ctrl K

Level 1How Bittensor works10 lessons
Subnets, the people in them, and the chain that pays them.
Level 2Your wallet9 lessons
The keys that own your TAO, and how to keep them safe.
Level 3Staking8 lessons
Backing a validator with your TAO, and what it earns.
Level 4Subnets5 lessons
Who runs a subnet, who joins it, and how ownership can change.
Level 5Emissions7 lessons
Where new tokens come from, and who receives them.
Level 6Subnet lifecycle4 lessons
How subnets start, how they end, and what it means for the people holding their alpha.
Level 7Root4 lessons
How staking on root earns, since Root Reborn.
Level 8How rewards are decided5 lessons
How validators' scores turn into payments.
Level 9Validators5 lessons
What validators do, how they qualify, and what to look at when choosing one to stake with.

Miners and validators

Inside every subnet, two roles do most of the work.

Miners do the job. Depending on the subnet, that might mean renting out a computer, making a forecast or running a model. Many miners compete in the same subnet.

Validators check the miners' work and give each miner a score. A validator does not need to trust any miner. It tests them and scores what it sees.

Those scores decide how rewards are shared. A miner that does better work gets a higher score and earns more. Being bigger or better connected does not help if the work is not good.

Validators earn rewards too, for doing the checking. You do not need to be either one to take part.